Théorie des réseaux locaux et protocole TCP/IP
This training offers you the essentials of what you need to know to design and implement TCP / IP networks. He will present to you in a simple and concrete way the principles and techniques of interconnection and administration. It shows you how to set up the main TCP / IP applications.
Duration
.
Audience
Any IT specialist having to buy, install a local network in a TCP / IP environment
Prerequisite
Good knowledge of systems and IT in general.
Objectives
- • Describe the different hardware elements of a network (transmission media, interconnection)
- • Describe the lower layers of network communication as well as the protocols used (@MAC, ARP)
- • Configure the IP configuration of a network station (address, mask, gateway)
- • Describe how the DHCP protocol works
- • Describe the principle of host name resolution (Hosts file, DNS)
- • Use the main network testing and troubleshooting tools
- • Describe the different types of routing (static, dynamic, NAT)
Information
This training is available online
Detailled program
Network technologies
- Definition
- Network scope: PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN
The OSI model
- Principles
- Layers
- Encapsulation
- The 7 layers
Transmission media
- Limited supports
- - Twisted pair
- - Optical fiber
- Unlimited supports
- - Infrared
- - laser
- - Radio waves
Switching techniques
- Switching:
- - circuits
- - messages
- - packages
Network interconnections
- Bridge
- Switch
- Router
- Bridge
IEEE
- Historical
- IEEE 802.2:
- - General
- - LLC frame format
- - Types and classes
- IEEE 802.3 Ethernet:
- - General
- - access methods: CSMA / CD
- - The standards of the physical layer
- - Frame format
- IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi
- IEEE 802.15 Bluetooth
MAN / WAN protocols
- xDSL
- WiMax
- Cellular networks
- ATM
- SONET & SDH
- MPLS
- Remote access and VPN
CP / IP History
- The ARPANET network
- Organizations that have contributed to the development of the Internet and TCP / IP
General presentation
- Application level services
- Network level services
- Four-layer model, TCP / IP vs OSI model
- Main files: hosts, services, protocols ...
- Bodies managing Internet, IAB, IETF, IRTF standards
- Notion of RFC
TCP / IP protocol family - overview
- IP, ARP, RARP, TCP, UDP, FTP, TFTP, TELNET, SMTP, SNMP, NFS, DHCP ...
IP addressing
- Format of an IP address
- Address classes (A, B, C, D, E)
- Network ID and Host ID
- Multi-domiciled machines, gateways
- Subnet mask
- VLSM, supernetting (CIDR)
- Resolution of IP addresses to physical addresses, ARP
- Structure of an IP datagram
- Fragmentation of datagrams and reassembly
IP routing
- General principle
- Default route
- Static routing
- Dynamic routing (main routing protocols)
DHCP
- Advantages and disadvantages of dynamic addressing
- The 4 phases of a DHCP negotiation
The ICMP protocol, error handling and control messages
- Role of ICMP
- Structure of an ICMP datagram - types of messages: flow control, redirection, destination unreachable ...
- Name resolution
- Hosts files
- Name servers, DNS
- Type of DNS servers
- Concept of zones and domains
- The Internet tree
- Main types of records in a DNS database
- Objective and need for reliable transport
- Three-phase TCP logon
- Acknowledgment / retransmission mechanism
- TCP sliding window principle
- Telnet, Ftp, Rsh, rlogin, mail ...
- Ping, arp, traceroute ...
- Constraints related to Netbios broadcasts
- Role of the 16th Netbios byte
- NetBios Name Server (NBNS)
- Netstat tool
- Filter router
- Address / port translator
- Proxy
- Firewall
- DMZ